Ewing's Sarcoma

WHAT IS EWING SARCOMA?

Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignant tumor that can be seen in both bones and soft tissues such as the lung. Although it is mainly seen in bone, it can rarely occur in connective tissue, adipose tissue, November muscle tissue or peripheral nerve tissues. These are called extraosseous (non-bone) Ewing’s sarcoma.

HOW IS EWING SARCOMA DIAGNOSED?

Radiologically, there is a typical radiological appearance described as an onion membrane on a direct graph. The absence of a clear, precise border between the tumor site and the intact bone is a common radiological finding in malignant tumors. Dec. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is also very useful in diagnosis. If a definitive diagnosis cannot be made both by direct X-ray and MRI, computed tomography may be considered. Bone scintigraphy may also be partially useful. Anemia (anemia) and leukocytosis (an increase in leukocyte cells in the blood) may also be found in laboratory tests. The definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy. Depending on the location of the tumor, it may be necessary to perform a preferably closed, i.e. needle biopsy, and sometimes an open biopsy.

HOW IS THE TREATMENT FOR EWING SARCOMA?

Treatment is classically chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Immunotherapy and stem cell transplantation treatments based on the principle of strengthening the immune system and destroying tumor cells are also promising. The goal of surgical treatment is to save the patient’s leg or arm in every possible patient (limb sparing surgery). In order to achieve this, after the tumor is removed, bone replacement with a prosthesis (a specially designed artificial part) or bone replacement with bone taken from another part of the body (bone graft) surgeries can be performed. If the tumor has also absorbed the surrounding veins and nerves, and it is not possible to completely remove the tumor, amputation ( Decapitation) of the arm or leg is among the options as a last resort to save the patient’s life.